What is the process of electrolysis?

Electrolysis is a chemical process that involves the use of an electric current to drive a non-spontaneous chemical reaction. Specifically, it is utilized to break down compounds into their individual components, which is often seen in the decomposition of ionic compounds in molten form or in solution. During electrolysis, the electric current causes the movement of ions toward electrodes, where reduction and oxidation reactions occur. This fundamental principle allows for various applications, including the extraction of metals from their ores, the production of chemical compounds, and even water splitting into hydrogen and oxygen gases.

Other options presented do not accurately describe the process of electrolysis. For instance, while analyzing chemical reactions can involve various methods, it is not specifically characterized by the use of electric current as a primary factor. Similarly, increasing the temperature of a reaction refers to thermodynamic principles rather than the application of electrical energy. Measuring oxidation states pertains to determining the charge of atoms in compounds, which does not encompass the broader scope of electrolysis that involves physical processes and the movement of ions under the influence of electricity.