What is the definition of molarity?

Molarity is specifically defined as the concentration of a solute in a solution, quantified as the number of moles of solute present in one liter of solution. This definition highlights the relationship between the amount of solute and the volume of the solution, allowing chemists to understand and manipulate concentrations in various chemical reactions and laboratory procedures. The unit of molarity is moles per liter (mol/L), making it a crucial concept in solutions and stoichiometry.

While other choices mention different measurements related to solute, they do not accurately capture the concept of molarity. For instance, measuring solute mass per volume relates to a different unit often referred to as weight/volume percent or grams per liter, while total volume of solution alone does not address the solute concentration. Similarly, solute concentration in terms of weight does not provide information about the number of moles, which is essential for understanding molarity.